People mostly thinking they are like in movie of matrix a thinking computers but in fact they are not. What they do is actually only calculating. And this calculating can add even nonsense moves into evaluation. A chess engine can not perceive positional things or a simple perpetual check opportunity. Human brain or term of thinking is getting some data from outside and interpret it freely which is nothing to do with calculating. But they increasing these programs' abilities every year. They are quite strong even without positional or strategic understanding of game because of their calculating advantage gives them very high tactical capacity which none of human being can not reach ever. I can give you simple example for it. For example in movie of rainman the guy was like a chess engine too. But he can not have thinking ability like normal human being. This filtering avoid your brain calculate fast and huge data in seconds.
Professional players can not beat them anymore even world champions or world highest ranked players. Professional players nowadays use them for training. They can also run in standard computers as well high capability computers. People mostly thinking the first ever chess engine is IBM' Deep Blue because of its fame ( it beaten Kasparov in match but even it is not the first one who beaten Kasparov ). Even Bobby Fischer played against one of them and beat it. Some of them free share some of them not. That means you can have one of them in your computer too. For example chess master is not free. You see on sidebar bottom there is chess puzzle and on tab of more there is chess playing program attached to post is Shredder.
Some Famous Chess Engines:
There are lots of engines already created but here some famous ones.
Rybka
Chess Master
Deep Blue
Fritz
Shredder
Hiarcs
Houdini
Critter
Spike
Delfi
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